Оsteodensitometry
Application for Treatment
 
Оsteodensitometry

Bone mineral density, or densitometry - this is a simple and painless method of measuring bone density.

Osteodensitometry helps to recognize the onset of osteoporosis.
Measurement of bone mineral density at the femoral neck is made or in the lumbar spine , rarely - on the calcaneus .
The method consists in determining the content of mineral salts in the bone. Usually used to measure the X-rays , at least - an ultrasound .
TYPES OF DIAGNOSIS
The most common way osteodensitometry - DEXA ( dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ) . In Germany, is very rarely used .
Absorptiometry performed almost anywhere bone , but most of all - in the lumbar spine or hip . A prerequisite is the absence of metallic implants in the measurement site. The irradiation dose in this method is negligible.
Another way osteodensitometry - quantitative computed tomography. This is done by layering radiographs in the lumbar region .The advantage of this method , compared with the X-ray absorptiometry is possible to measure the bone density and the density of its separate outer shell ( cartilage plate ) and bone beams or crossbars . CT scan radiation dose is significantly higher than the method DEXA.
Relatively new method - quantitative ultrasound densitometry ( ehometriya , QUS) using ultrasound instead of X-rays. First measured force suppressing bone mass sonic energy , then the rate of penetration of ultrasound in the bone. This method is the complete absence of radiation exposure , however, according to many experts on information value and reliability is second X-ray methods.
Peripheral densitometry performed by any of the above technologies, but it differs in localization - the measuring point is not the femoral neck and lumbar spine, as usual, but other parts of the body , often the forearm (lower arm) .
Unit
The unit of measurement is the T-score , quantitatively describing the deviation from the standard rules for a healthy 30 -year-old man : -1 to normal T-score from -1 to -2.5 - the initial stage of developing osteoporosis , -2.5 - osteoporosis, in the presence of typical cracks - heavy.
Z- index describes the difference between the results obtained and the norm for a man of the same age and to determine whether a change in bone structure a natural physiological process , or already requires medication.
Statement
1. Suspected osteoporosis, people older than 65 years ,
2 . Those who have suffered long-term treatment with cortisone or organ transplantation ,
3 . Suffering from hyperthyroidism ,
4 . Well as the presence of the following factors: female gender , fractures after the age of 40 years , genetic predisposition , early menopause , low body weight , smoking, alcoholism , lack of calcium and vitamin D in the diet , low physical activity.

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